The Evolution of Smart Cities: A Decade of Transformation and Community Engagement
More than a decade has passed since the concept of smart cities began to gain traction, and during this time, local governments have been actively reshaping the idea to better suit their unique needs. Initially focused on technology-driven solutions, the purpose of smart cities has evolved into a public-sector mindset that emphasizes community engagement and tailored strategies. This article explores the transformation of smart cities, highlighting key developments, community involvement, and the future of urban innovation.
The Rise of Smart Cities
Smart cities have been a topic of discussion for decades, but it was in the 2010s that the federal government began investing significantly in initiatives to help local governments adopt smart city technologies. At this time, the focus was largely on the Internet of Things (IoT), which encompasses a network of interconnected devices that collect and share data. This technological foundation aimed to enhance urban infrastructure and improve the quality of life for residents.
However, as the years progressed, the definition of smart cities began to shift. Federal programs, such as the Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation initiative, have provided grants to bolster cities’ capacities for smart city initiatives. Today, the term "smart cities" encompasses a broader range of technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), data-sharing capabilities, and innovative solutions that address specific urban challenges.
Community-Centric Approaches
In Long Beach, California, the city has embraced a community-first approach to its smart city initiatives. Ryan Kurtzman, the Technology Partnerships Officer, emphasizes that the term "smart city" originated in the private sector, primarily as a marketing tool for selling products and services. However, in recent years, cities like Long Beach have taken the reins, defining what "smart cities" means within their local contexts.
Through the Smart City Strategic Plan and community engagement efforts, Long Beach has prioritized resident input in shaping its smart city solutions. The Long Beach Collaboratory program, for instance, gathered feedback from residents on neighborhood-level issues, resulting in actionable solutions focused on pedestrian safety, connectivity, park safety, and safe streets. Kurtzman argues that the next step is to communicate the value of community engagement to technology companies, ensuring that solutions are tailored to the needs of the residents.
A Holistic Vision in Mesa
Mesa, Arizona, launched its Smart City Master Plan in late 2018, which incorporates a wide range of technologies, from IoT to AI. Harry Meier, the deputy CIO for innovation in Mesa, notes that the program has returned to its roots, focusing on the needs and desires of residents, businesses, and visitors. This approach extends beyond city borders, addressing regional concerns such as AI governance.
As AI continues to dominate technology conversations, municipalities remain committed to smart city initiatives. Jake Taylor, design and technology manager for The Connective—a smart region consortium for the Greater Phoenix area—highlights the evolution of the smart city definition. He notes that the era of one-size-fits-all solutions has ended, with cities now defining their unique needs and working with smaller businesses and subject matter experts to create customized solutions.
The Role of Technology and Governance
The modern smart city landscape requires three essential components, according to Gloria Gong, executive director of the Government Performance Lab at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. First, cities must cultivate a workforce with the necessary talent and a culture of innovation. Second, data-informed decision-making is crucial for effective governance. Finally, establishing collaborative relationships among stakeholders is vital for success.
Gong emphasizes that while technology can drive positive change, it is not a panacea for the complex challenges cities face. Engaging with affected agencies and the communities served by proposed solutions ensures that technology is applied effectively and targeted to specific issues.
Beyond Urban Centers: A Broader Application
The principles of smart city initiatives are not confined to urban areas; they can also be applied to improve service delivery across various levels of government. By adopting a community-centric approach and leveraging technology, governments can enhance their responsiveness and effectiveness in serving the public.
Conclusion
As the concept of smart cities continues to evolve, local governments are redefining what it means to be "smart." The shift from a technology-driven focus to a community-centered approach marks a significant transformation in how cities engage with residents and address urban challenges. By prioritizing collaboration, innovation, and tailored solutions, cities can create environments that not only leverage technology but also enhance the quality of life for all residents. The journey of smart cities is far from over, and as they adapt to the needs of their communities, the future of urban living looks promising.